DESOSA 2021

Kubernetes

Figure: Kubernetes logo

Kubernetes is a portable, extensible, open-source platform for managing containerized workloads and services, that facilitates both declarative configuration and automation. ¹

Kubernetes is built upon a decade and a half of experience at Google, with the main goal of distributing and managing workload across containers and making rapid development and deployment possible. This is done by creating multiple container nodes which run the same process, Kubernetes is the orchestrator which benefits the application because it improves up-time and gives an efficient roll-out schedule for any update. It can also detect faulty nodes and clean them while keeping the application alive.

https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/overview/what-is-kubernetes/. ↩︎

Project Site | Project Source

Authors

Ryan Kap

A first-year MSc Computer Science student from the TU Delft. Interests: from Socio-Cognitive Engineering to Compilers to Algorithms to 3D Graphics.

Andra Popa

A first-year MSc Computer Science student from the TU Delft. Interests: Mathematics and 3D Computer Graphics.

Niek van der Plas

A first-year MSc Computer Science student from the TU Delft. Interests: Machine learning and Software engineering.

Mark Meijhuis

A first-year MSc Computer Science student from the TU Delft. Interests: full-stack web development and biomedical image visualization and analysis.

Kubernetes and Sustainability

In our previous blog post, we went in-depth on the topic of quality and evolution. Today, we are going to discuss the sustainability aspect of Kubernetes. We try to answer questions such as: How green are Kubernetes and the cloud? How can you use Kubernetes sustainably? Is the work environment safe, respectful, and encouraging development? Which aspects of the project organisation could be further improved to integrate sustainability? Read along to find out!

March 29, 2021

Kubernetes - Quality and Evolution

In the previous blog post, we discussed the architecture of Kubernetes and the different views on it. This blogpost will focus on the quality and the (recent) evolution of Kubernetes. We will try to answer the questions including, but not limited to, What are some of the conventions used?; What is the role of test coverage?; Which components are the hotspots right now? How is the quality culture in general?; Does Kubernetes have technical debt?

March 22, 2021

Kubernetes - From Vision to Architecture

In the previous blog post, we discussed Kubernetes' key attributes and where Kubernetes could head in the future. In this blog post, we go from Kubernetes' vision to its architecture. To find out how its properties are realised, we aim to answer questions such as: which architectural style is applied? What do the container, component, connector, and development views look like? Why has Kubernetes designed its architecture in such a way?

March 15, 2021

Kubernetes - Product Vision and Problem Analysis

What is Kubernetes all about? Why do a lot of companies use it? In this blog, we talk about Kubernetes' system key capabilities and properties. Then, we go over some use cases and discuss a stakeholder analysis, followed by Kubernetes' key quality attributes. Next, we describe Kubernetes' roadmap and finally, we mention some ethical considerations. Figure: Kubernetes Logo. Kubernetes (K8s) is an open-source platform, which is lightweight and scalable.

March 8, 2021

Contributions

Fix several spelling mistakes

kubernetes/kubernetes

Fixed several spelling mistakes all througout the project which took away from the high quality standard that Kubernetes has. This will also help a bit with readability.

Remove dead Jenkins' e2e node tests

kubernetes/kubernetes

Issue #92674 mentions remaining artifacts of old Jenkins test on e2e node tests. They asked if someone could take a look at what is still needed. Now, they use their own Kubernetes-based system called Prow. Several people have tried to look at it and all got stuck. We made the decision to remove every artifact.

Update Broken Link in access-cluster-api.md

kubernetes/website

Issue #26843 mentions that the link about accessing the API from within a pod is broken on the page about access cluster API. We corrected the link. Then, somebody suggested another style and we accepted that suggestion.

Update Development.md to match new Go version

kubernetes/community

Update the needed version of Go for Kubernetes 1.18+. It still mentioned that 1.18+ needs Go version 1.15, even though we got the error that we should use Go version 1.16 when building Kubernetes version 1.20.4 (most recent).

Update gen_kubectl_docs.go

kubernetes/kubernetes

After our analysis with SonarKube, we came across a TODO which mentioned replacing the use of os.Stdin with something similar to Reader. After some research, it turned out that as of Go version 1.16 (released after this TODO) ioutil can be replace with os or io and is more efficient. This PR changes that for this file and also resolves the TODO.

Validate if tests in test/e2e/common/storage/volume.go are still needed

kubernetes/kubernetes

Issue #99468 mentions it’s possible they now duplicate logic in other tests. In the mentioned file there is test logic for NFS (v3) volume and a GlusterFS. Therfore, we went and search the rest of the tests to see if the same logic was already applied somewhere else and thus this file could be removed. The answer ended up being yes, and the nfs v3 logic could be integrated into another test file.